Celebrate the birth anniversary of Field Marshal Kodandera M. Cariappa, the first Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army, on January 28. A national hero known for many firsts, he played a key role in transitioning the Indian military from colonial to independent India. His legacy, still honored today, marks a crucial period where the Indian armed forces showcased their strength under his leadership.
This era laid the foundation for a capable and efficient military establishment. Cariappa’s election was a turning point for India’s independent defense sector, shaping its growth. His enduring legacy serves as an inspiration for future generations, emphasizing the values of discipline, leadership, and dedication in serving the nation. Check out more about K.M Cariappa below.
Who was K.M Cariappa?
On January 28, 1899, Field Marshal K. M Cariappa was born in Shanivarsanthe, Coorg province (now Kodagu district), to a farming family of the Kodava clan. His father, Madappa, worked in the revenue department. As the second child among four sons and two daughters, Cariappa was affectionately called ‘Chimma’ by his family.
After completing his education at Central High School in Madikeri in 1917, he furthered his studies at Presidency College in Chennai. During his college years, he discovered that Indians were being recruited and trained for the army.
Driven by his desire to become a soldier, he applied for training and secured a spot among the 42 cadets admitted out of 70 applicants to the Daly Cadet College in Indore. Excelling in all aspects of his training, Cariappa graduated seventh in his class.
K.M Cariappa Career
Cariappa had an impressive military career spanning nearly three decades. After joining the British Indian Army post-World War I, he became a temporary first lieutenant in the 2/88 Carnatic Infantry. Notably, Cariappa was the first Indian officer to attend the Staff College in Quetta and later led the 1/7 Rajputs, making him the first Indian to command a battalion.
His journey included various staff roles until he became the Commander-in-Chief of the Indian Army. During World War II, Cariappa earned acclaim for his leadership in the Middle East and Burma, marking historic achievements as the first Indian to command an Indian Army battalion.
After Independence, Cariappa took on the role of deputy chief of the general staff. He orchestrated three consecutive attack operations—Kipper, Easy, and Bison—with the goal of reclaiming strategic areas like Naushera, Jhangar, Poonch, Zoji La, Dras, and Kargil. Unfortunately, plans to remove Pakistani forces from Kashmir faced obstacles due to U.S. intervention.
On July 6, 1948, the Army HQ imposed strict restrictions on major operations without authorization. Cariappa opposed this policy, warning it endangered Leh, Kargil, and ultimately the Kashmir Valley, posing a threat to the nation’s security.
K.M Cariappa Death
Cariappa had a remarkable career in the Indian Army, serving for thirty years in various staff and command roles. After retiring in 1953, he took on the role of the Indian high commissioner to Australia and New Zealand until 1956.
Notably devoted to the welfare of ex-servicemen, Cariappa established the Indian Ex-Servicemen’s League (IESL) in 1964 and played a crucial part in setting up the Directorate of Resettlement. He passed away on May 15, 1993, and was cremated in Madikeri.
The funeral was attended by dignitaries, including the three service chiefs and Field Marshal Sam Manekshaw. In recognition of his outstanding service, the Government of India posthumously conferred upon Cariappa the rank of field marshal on April 28, 1986.
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K.M Cariappa FAQs
Q.1. Who was K.M Cariappa?
Ans. K.M Cariappa, born on January 28, 1899, was India’s first Commander-in-Chief. Learn about his early life, military career, and significant contributions to independent India’s defense.
Q.2. What marked K.M Cariappa’s birth anniversary?
Ans. January 28 is celebrated as Field Marshal K.M Cariappa’s birth anniversary, honoring his role in transitioning the Indian military post-independence.
Q.3. What legacy did K.M Cariappa leave?
Ans. Cariappa’s legacy includes pioneering leadership, transitioning the military to independence, and shaping India’s defense sector. His values of discipline, leadership, and dedication inspire generations.
Q.4. What were K.M Cariappa’s achievements in the military?
Ans. Cariappa had a distinguished military career, becoming the first Indian to command a battalion and later serving as the Commander-in-Chief. His notable achievements include leading Indian forces in World War II.
Q.5. When did K.M Cariappa pass away?
Ans. K.M Cariappa passed away on May 15, 1993. His funeral was attended by dignitaries, and he was posthumously conferred the rank of field marshal for his outstanding service.
